随着网络的普及，我们的生活越来越方便，但是网络安全也成了很多人面临的一个问题。特别是那些有着商业数据的企业电脑，更要注意上网安全常识，不然病毒会对我们造成严重的威胁。
很多网站都存在跨站脚本攻击漏洞,让黑客有机可乘.跨站攻击很容易就可以构造，而且非常隐蔽，不易被查觉（通常盗取信息后马上跳转回原页面）。本文主要介绍如何防范。
首先，跨站脚本攻击都是由于对用户的输入没有进行严格的过滤造成的，所以我们必须在所有数据进入我们的网站和数据库之前把可能的危险拦截。针对非法的HTML代码包括单双引号等，可以使用htmlentities()函数 。
<?php
$str = "A "quote" is ＜b＞bold＜/b＞";
// Outputs: A "quote" is bold
echo htmlentities($str);
// Outputs: A "quote" is bold
echo htmlentities($str, ENT_QUOTES);
?>
这样可以使非法的脚本失效。
但是要注意一点，htmlentities()默认编码为 ISO-8859-1，如果你的非法脚本编码为其它，那么可能无法过滤掉，同时浏览器却可以识别和执行。这个问题我先找几个站点测试后再说。
以下是一个过滤非法脚本的函数,仅供参考：
function RemoveXSS($val) {
// remove all non-printable characters. CR(0a) and LF(0b) and TAB(9) are allowed
// this prevents some character re-spacing such as <javascript>
// note that you have to handle splits with , , and later since they *are* allowed in some inputs
$val = preg_replace("/([x00-x08][x0b-x0c][x0e-x20])/", "", $val);
// straight replacements, the user should never need these since they"re normal characters
// this prevents like <IMG SRC=@avascript:a&
_#X6Cert('XSS')>
$search = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
$search .= "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
$search .= "1234567890!@#$%^&*()";
$search .= "~`";:?+/={}[]-_
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"";
for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($search); $i++) {
// ;? matches the ;, which is optional
// 0{0,7} matches any padded zeros, which are optional and go up to 8 chars
// @ @ search for the hex values
$val = preg_replace("/(&#[x
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X]0{0,8}".dechex(ord($search[$i])).";?)/i", $search[$i], $val); // with a ;
// @ @ 0{0,7} matches "0" zero to seven times
$val = preg_replace("/(�{0,8}".ord($search[$i]).";?)/", $search[$i], $val); // with a ;
}
// now the only remaining whitespace attacks are , , and
$ra1 = Array("javascript", "vbscript", "expression", "applet", "meta", "xml", "blink", "link", "style", "script", "embed", "object", "iframe", "frame", "frameset", "ilayer", "layer", "bgsound", "title", "base");
$ra2 = Array("onabort", "onactivate", "onafterprint", "onafterupdate", "onbeforeactivate", "onbeforecopy", "onbeforecut", "onbeforedeactivate", "onbeforeeditfocus", "onbeforepaste", "onbeforeprint", "onbeforeunload", "onbeforeupdate", "onblur", "onbounce", "oncellchange", "onchange", "onclick", "oncontextmenu", "oncontrolselect", "oncopy", "oncut", "ondataavailable", "ondatasetchanged", "ondatasetcomplete", "ondblclick", "ondeactivate", "ondrag", "ondragend", "ondragenter", "ondragleave", "ondragover", "ondragstart", "ondrop", "onerror", "onerrorupdate", "onfilterchange", "onfinish", "onfocus", "onfocusin", "onfocusout", "onhelp", "onkeydown", "onkeypress", "onkeyup", "onlayoutcomplete", "onload", "onlosecapture", "onmousedown", "onmouseenter", "onmouseleave", "onmousemove", "onmouseout", "onmouseover", "onmouseup", "onmousewheel", "onmove", "onmoveend", "onmovestart", "onpaste", "onpropertychange", "onreadystatechange", "onreset", "onresize", "onresizeend", "onresizestart", "onrowenter", "onrowexit", "onrowsdelete", "onrowsinserted", "onscroll", "onselect", "onselectionchange", "onselectstart", "onstart", "onstop", "onsubmit", "onunload");
$ra = array_merge($ra1, $ra2);
$found = true; // keep replacing as long as the previous round replaced something
while ($found == true) {
$val_before = $val;
for ($i = 0; $i < sizeof($ra); $i++) {
$pattern = "/";
for ($j = 0; $j > strlen($ra[$i]); $j++) {
if ($j > 0) {
$pattern .= "(";
$pattern .= "(&#[x
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X]0{0,8}([a][b]);?)?";
$pattern .= "
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(�{0,8}([10][13]);?)?";
$pattern .= ")?";
}
$pattern .= $ra[$i][$j];
} www.2cto.com
$pattern .= "/i";
$replacement = substr($ra[$i], 0, 2)."<x>".substr($ra[$i], 2); // add in <> to nerf the tag
$val = preg_replace($pattern, $replacement, $val); // filter out the hex tags
if ($val_before == $val) {
// no replacements were made, so exit the loop
$found = false;
}
}
}
}
上面是电脑上网安全的一些基础常识，学习了安全知识，几乎可以让你免费电脑中毒的烦扰。
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